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Journal of Proteome Research

Amid the growing recognition that only a small fraction of the cells and genes in a typical human being are human, scientists are suggesting a revolutionary approach to developing new medicines and treatments to target both the human and non-human components of people. That鈥檚 the topic of an article, which reviews work relating to this topic from almost 100 studies, in ACS鈥� Journal of Proteome Research.

Liping Zhao, Jeremy K. Nicholson and colleagues explain that human beings have been called 鈥渟uperorganisms鈥� because their bodies contain 10 percent human cells and 90 percent microbes that live mainly in the intestines. 鈥淪uper鈥� in that sense means 鈥渁bove and beyond.鈥� Scientists thus are viewing people as vast ecosystems in which human, bacterial, fungal and other cells interact with each another. Microbes, for instance, release substances that determine whether human genes turn on or off and influence the immune system鈥檚 defenses against disease. And populations of microbes in the body change with changes in diet, medications and other factors.

鈥淭his superorganism view of the human body provides a complete new systems concept for managing human health at the clinically relevant whole body level,鈥� say the authors. They term it 鈥渙ne of the most significant paradigm shifts in modern medicine.鈥� The article describes how this revolutionary change is fostering emergence of an approach called 鈥渇unctional metagenomics鈥� for developing new medicines. It opens the possibility of sustaining health and treating disease with medicines and other substances that target non-human cells in the body. The article notes that many substances in traditional Chinese medicines may work in that way.

The authors acknowledge funding from the and the .